Postoperative Imaging of the Orbital Contents. (2009) The British journal of ophthalmology. The epidemiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: Geographical variation and clinical associations. D Mitry, D G Charteris, B W Fleck, H Campbell, J Singh. (2019) Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. Point-of-Care Ocular Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Retinal Detachment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nontraumatic orbital conditions: diagnosis with CT and MR imaging in the emergent setting. The use of contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasound in the differentiation of retinal detachment from vitreous membrane. Retinal detachment: imaging of surgical treatments and complications. Overall prognosis is good with approximately 95% of patients having an anatomically successful repair 5. Macula-off, or central retinal detachments have worse initial visual acuity and prognosis. Improved prognosis and surgical outcomes are seen with macula-on retinal detachments where the fovea is still attached 5. Most post-treatment CT scan may sometimes show a scleral band that is sometimes used as part of treatment (scleral buckle surgery) 1. Intra-ocular silicone oil is also sometimes used. Treatment is varied and beyond the scope of this article, but in general terms requires reattachment of the retina using intraocular gas, lasers, cryotherapy or surgery. Otro tipo de desprendimiento de retina se denomina desprendimiento por traccin. Posteriorly the detachment converges on the optic disc (compared to the choroidal detachment that diverges at the disc) o signos se codificarn estos en primer lugar. The detachment is limited anteriorly by the ora serrata (compared to the choroidal detachment that is not limited and extends beyond it) The images may show:įolded membranes with subretinal space fluid (which is usually hyperdense on CT) The axial imaging has the advantage of imaging the remainder of the orbit as well as the ability to use contrast. When total or extensive, the detached retina has a typical triangular shape with insertion into the optic disc and ora serrata Movements become less pronounced in long-standing detachments It is, however, less mobile than a posterior vitreous detachment With recruitment of extraocular muscles, the observed independent excursion of this membrane is referred to as an "aftermovement"Īcute retinal detachment is mobile, allowing differentiation from choroidal detachment (which does not demonstrate aftermovements) 4 Typically appears as a bright, continuous, smooth and somewhat folded membrane within the vitreous, which is reflective and freely moving on real-time imaging UltrasoundĪ high frequency, small footprint probe, performed through the closed eyelid provides good detail: Imaging is usually not required unless a specific underlying cause, such as metastasis is in the differential. Surgical aphakia ( cataract removal) and pseudophakia (lens implant) Tractional retinal detachment occurs when the vitreous pulls the retina, such as from:Įxudative retinal detachment occurs with fluid accumulation in the subretinal space, such as from: Posterior vitreous detachment (most common)Ĭauses of non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment include tractional and exudative. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are more common, with the primary causes being: The interplay between vitreoretinal traction and predisposing retinal lesions is associated with retinal detachment. Retinal detachments are classified as rhegmatogenous, meaning caused by a tear (rhegma) in the retina, or non-rhegmatogenous. Retinal detachment is often associated with: Observational studies with sample sizes >300 showed a median annual incidence of 1 in 10,000 6. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is most common in the 6th and 7th decade of life but can occur at any age and has a slight male predilection 5. Tractional retinal detachment: secondary to retinal fibrosisĮxudative retinal detachment: due to choroidal tumors causing increased flow through the subretinal space Lattice degeneration: circular retinal holes or atrophic holes Diagnóstico y Tratamiento del Desprendimiento de Retina Seroso. En los pacientes con desprendimiento de retina seroso ¿cuáles son los datos clínicos que permiten. Retinal break: full-thickness defect in the neurosensory retina, which can be caused by trauma or inflammation ❼uáles son los síntomas que manifiesta y los signos clínicos que se encuentran en el paciente con desprendimiento de retina seroso PronósticoPronóstico 3. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: fluid ingression from the vitreous cavity to the subretinal space causing retinal separation (most common) There are numerous subtypes of retinal detachment 5:
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